{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:05:18Z","timestamp":1791605118198,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to assess the effect of an oscillating chitosan brush (OCB) compared with an ultrasonic device with PEEK tip (US\u2010PEEK) for mechanical implant surface decontamination using an in\u00a0vitro model combining 3D models and a validated dynamic multispecies biofilm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multispecies biofilm using six bacterial strains (<jats:italic>Streptococcus oralis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Veillonella parvula<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Actinomyces naeslundii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>) was seeded on dental implants with machined and sandblasted, large\u2010grit and acid\u2010etched (SLA) surfaces. These were installed in 3D models depicting peri\u2010implant defect. Mechanical decontamination was performed for 120\u2009s using either an OCB or a US\u2010PEEK. A negative control group received no treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the bacterial composition and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyzed the number of each bacterial species [colony\u2010forming units per milliliter (CFU\/mL)].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Well\u2010structured biofilms with a dense microbial distribution were observed on the negative control implants after 72\u2009h. qPCR following mechanical decontamination showed a scarce bacterial reduction in the OCB group. The US\u2010PEEK group exhibited a significant decrease in bacterial species compared to both OCB and control groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A biofilm removal effect was also observed in the OCB group for the machined implant surfaces.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vitro assessment using an anatomical 3D model showed that mechanical decontamination effectively reduced biofilm. The US\u2010PEEK group demonstrated biofilm reduction on the SLA surface, while the OCB group showed a reduction on the machined implant surface. Additionally, the US\u2010PEEK group demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing bacterial numbers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T04:20:11Z","timestamp":1729311611000},"page":"73-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Decontamination Effect of an Oscillating Chitosan Brush Compared With an Ultrasonic <scp>PEEK<\/scp>\u2010Tip: An In\u00a0Vitro Study Using a Dynamic Biofilm Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3925-326X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadia Nazir","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Oral Function, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry University of Oslo  Oslo 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