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At baseline, 1, 3, 6 months, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), modified gingival index (mGI), modified plaque index (mPlI), full\u2010mouth plaque score (FMPS), full\u2010mouth bleeding score (FMBS), and the proportions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic>,<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> were recorded. The BOP reduction was set as a primary outcome. Data were analyzed to assess BOP reduction at a 6\u2010month follow\u2010up and to identify significant predictors of implant\u2010site BOP through mixed generalized linear regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 6\u2009months in both groups, a significant reduction of BOP, PD, mPlI, mGI, FMBS, and FMPS was noted (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, at 6 months, the test group was more effective than the controls in reducing median BOP (\u2206values control\/test: 39.3% [95% CI 37.4\u201342.3] vs. 48.7 [95% CI 46.5\u201351.2], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044), as well as mPlI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.041) and the proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039). Moreover, the implant\u2010sites BOP reduction was significantly influenced by test treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), history of periodontitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), and a high number of cigarettes\/day (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), the proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>NSPI\u2009+\u2009CHX showed better results compared to placebo in implant\u2010sites BOP reduction. The high number of cigarettes\/day and the proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>T. forsythia<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content> negatively influenced the BOP reduction in PM\u2010treated patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T08:38:21Z","timestamp":1737794301000},"page":"566-577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Effect of Nonsurgical Mechanical Debridement With or Without Chlorhexidine Formulations in the Treatment of Peri\u2010Implant Mucositis. A Randomized Placebo\u2010Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4267-6992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano","family":"Isola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Medical\u2010Surgical Specialities University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6717-8899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Medical\u2010Surgical Specialities University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1491-4973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Santagati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Alibrandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Statistics, Department of Economics University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1968-0021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Iorio\u2010Siciliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Periodontology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Oral Science University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1121-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Ramaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Periodontology, 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