{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:31:26Z","timestamp":1788543086618,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the impact of implant surface and instrumentation time on the efficacy of two air powder water\u2010jet (APWJ) devices in cleaning the implant surface in a simulation of non\u2010surgical peri\u2010implantitis treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Turned and modified surface implants (28 each) were coated with a biofilm imitation and mounted on resin models replicating peri\u2010implant intra\u2010osseous defects, including a soft tissue replica. The entire implant periphery was instrumented for 5 or 15s per implant sextant (i.e., in total 30 or 90s per implant), with one of two different APWJ devices using either a glycine or an erythritol powder. Residual biofilm imitation was automatically assessed on standardized photographs and expressed as percentage of the exposed implant surface.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Implant surface (<jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>:0.253, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and instrumentation time (<jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>:0.044, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.036) had a moderate and small effect, respectively, on the outcome, that is, instrumenting turned compared to modified surface implants as well as using a longer compared to a shorter instrumentation time resulted in less residual biofilm imitation. Complete biofilm imitation removal was achieved only in four turned implants, treated for 15s per sextant. Every second turned implant presented with a maximum of 5% residual biofilm imitation, while only two modified implants achieved this level of cleanliness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a non\u2010surgical peri\u2010implantitis treatment simulation with APWJ devices, superior biofilm imitation removal was achieved at turned implants, and a longer instrumentation time resulted in less residual biofilm imitation. Modified implants had high chances of incomplete biofilm imitation removal, especially at the apical part of the defect. Complete biofilm imitation removal was in general largely unpredictable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T10:18:54Z","timestamp":1750241934000},"page":"1075-1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy of Air Powder Water\u2010Jet Devices in Cleaning Implant Surfaces in a Non\u2010Surgical Peri\u2010Implantitis Treatment Simulation\u2014A Laboratory Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8279-7943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Bertl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Blekinge Hospital  Karlskrona Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Isik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9515-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loukia M.","family":"Spineli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwifery Research and Education Unit Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Heimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, the Research Institute in Cooperation With AUVA  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Manschiebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8161-3754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Stavropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Blekinge Hospital  Karlskrona Sweden"},{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern  Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12957"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010021\u201004345\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463\u2010020\u201000455\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12849"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20102909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13749"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13077"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010016\u20100149\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2013.g5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13823"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"535","article-title":"Emphysematous Complications in Dentistry, 1960\u20101993: An Illustrative Case and Review of the Literature","volume":"26","author":"Heyman S. 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