{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T09:19:34Z","timestamp":1764494374859,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate, in a simulation of surgical peri\u2010implantitis treatment, the impact of type of handpiece, device settings, and instrumentation time on the efficacy of airflowing in cleaning the implant surface, depending on the type of bone defect and implant surface.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Turned and modified surface implants (54 each) were coated with biofilm imitation and mounted on resin models replicating purely horizontal or circumferential intraosseous peri\u2010implant defects (both 5\u2009mm deep). Implants were instrumented with an airflowing device using a supra\u2010 or submucosal handpiece, with three settings: (a) power 5, 5\u2009s (b) power 10, 5\u2009s, and (c) power 5, 15\u2009s per implant\/defect sextant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The amount of residual biofilm imitation was associated with defect configuration, type of handpiece, and device settings (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.15); implant surface did not have an effect. In horizontal defects, with the supramucosal handpiece, only 3 of 54 implants showed &gt;\u20095% residual biofilm imitation and 23 of 54 implants were completely clean; with the submucosal handpiece, 12 of 18 implants showed \u2264\u20095% residual biofilm imitation when used for 15\u2009s\/sextant, yet none were completely clean. In intraosseous defects, all implants presented \u2264\u20095% residual biofilm imitation and 10 of 18 implants were completely clean with the submucosal handpiece used for 15\u2009s\/sextant; the supramucosal handpiece was largely inefficacious.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Within the limitations of this laboratory study, peri\u2010implant bone defect configuration should dictate the choice of airflowing handpiece (i.e., for horizontal defects, the supramucosal handpiece; for intraosseous defects, the submucosal handpiece) and intrasurgical airflowing requires a prolonged instrumentation time, but not increased power.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T02:23:30Z","timestamp":1750645410000},"page":"1146-1158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Airflowing in Cleaning Implant Surfaces in a Surgical Peri\u2010Implantitis Treatment Simulation\u2014A Laboratory Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8161-3754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Stavropoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Blekinge Hospital  Karlskrona Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ola","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology University of Malm\u00f6  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9515-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loukia M.","family":"Spineli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwifery Research and Education Unit Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Heimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Division of Oral Surgery University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, the Research Institute in Cooperation with AUVA  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8279-7943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Bertl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Blekinge Hospital  Karlskrona Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna  Vienna 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