{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:03:47Z","timestamp":1791309827882,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81302482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81302482"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013M531879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013M531879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>Alzheimer's disease (AD<\/jats:styled-content>) is a multifactor disease that has been reported to have a close association with type 2 diabetes (T2D) where the v\u2010akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1) plays an important role in the protein synthesis pathways and cell apoptosis processes. Evidence has been shown that AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein may be related to AD<\/jats:styled-content> risk among patients with T2D. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> promoter and the risk of AD<\/jats:styled-content> among patients with T2D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The association between AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms and AD<\/jats:styled-content> risk in patients with T2D was assessed among 574 consecutive unrelated subjects including 112 AD<\/jats:styled-content> patients with T2D, 231 patients with AD<\/jats:styled-content>, and 231 healthy controls in a case\u2013control study. The cognitive function of all subjects was assessed using MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms with minor allele frequency >0.2 (rs2498786, rs74090038, rs2494750, rs2494751, rs5811155, and rs2494752) in AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> promoter were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR<\/jats:styled-content>), and the concentration of AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein in serum was tested using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Overall, there was statistically significant difference in AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> rs2498786 polymorphism. The CC<\/jats:styled-content> frequency of AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> rs2498786 polymorphism in AD<\/jats:styled-content> with T2D group and AD<\/jats:styled-content> control group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (P<\/jats:italic>AD+T2D vs. health<\/jats:sub>\u00a0<\u00a00.0001, P<\/jats:italic>AD vs. health<\/jats:sub>\u00a0<\u00a00.0001). However, the difference was not found between AD<\/jats:styled-content> with T2D group and AD<\/jats:styled-content> control group. Compared with healthy control group, the plasma levels of AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein in AD<\/jats:styled-content> with T2D group (P<\/jats:italic>AD+T2D vs. health<\/jats:sub>\u00a0<\u00a00.0001) and AD<\/jats:styled-content> control group (P<\/jats:italic>AD vs. health<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.0003) decreased significantly. Among genotypes of AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> rs2498786 polymorphism, the AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein level in GG<\/jats:styled-content> genotype was significantly higher than that in GC<\/jats:styled-content> genotype (P<\/jats:italic>GG vs. GC<\/jats:sub>\u00a0<\u00a00.0001) and CC<\/jats:styled-content> genotype (P<\/jats:italic>GG vs. CC<\/jats:sub>\u00a0<\u00a00.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The study suggests that AKT<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> rs2498786 polymorphism in insulin signaling pathway may be associated with AD<\/jats:styled-content> risk and different genotypes may affects levels of protein expression. However, the polymorphism is not shown to be exclusive in AD<\/jats:styled-content> patients with T2D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T20:29:50Z","timestamp":1436905790000},"page":"619-625","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association between Polymorphisms of the AKT<\/scp>1<\/i> Gene Promoter and Risk of the Alzheimer's Disease in a Chinese Han Population with Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sheng\u2010Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aging\u2010related cardio\u2010cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang China"},{"name":"Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He\u2010Dan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology The Kangci Hospital Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Long","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology The Kangci Hospital Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Service Center of Nanyou Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua\u2010Wei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Health The Futian People's Hospital Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Fen","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aging\u2010related cardio\u2010cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong\u2010Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si\u2010Tong","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Shenzhen University Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HYK High\u2010throughput Biotechnology Institute Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke\u2010Shen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aging\u2010related cardio\u2010cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.88.9.1337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Alzheimer's disease International. 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