{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:33:34Z","timestamp":1790206414419,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,19]],"date-time":"2015-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005984","name":"Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005984","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31470070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31470070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>Drug addiction is characterized, in part, by deregulation of synaptic plasticity in circuits involved in reward, stress, cue learning, and memory. This study was designed to assess whether 185 variants in 32 genes central to synaptic plasticity and signal transduction contribute to vulnerability to develop heroin and\/or cocaine addiction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Analyses were conducted in a sample of 1860 subjects divided according to ancestry (African and European) and drug of abuse (heroin or cocaine).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Eighteen SNP<\/jats:styled-content>s in 11 genes (CDK<\/jats:styled-content>5R1<\/jats:italic>, EPHA<\/jats:styled-content>4<\/jats:italic>, EPHA<\/jats:styled-content>6<\/jats:italic>, FOSL<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>, MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic>, MBP<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>, MPDZ<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>, NFKB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>, NTRK<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>, NTSR<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>, and PRKCE<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>) showed significant associations (P<\/jats:italic> < 0.01), but the signals did not survive correction for multiple testing. SNP<\/jats:styled-content> rs230530 in the NFKB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> gene, encoding the transcription regulator NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010kappa\u2010B, was the only SNP<\/jats:styled-content> indicated in both ancestry groups and both addictions. This SNP<\/jats:styled-content> was previously identified in association with alcohol addiction. SNP<\/jats:styled-content> rs3915568 in NTSR<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>, which encodes neurotensin receptor, and SNP<\/jats:styled-content> rs1389752 in MPDZ<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>, which encodes the multiple PDZ<\/jats:styled-content> domain protein, were previously associated with heroin addiction or alcohol addiction, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The study supports the involvement of genetic variation in signal transduction pathways in heroin and cocaine addiction and provides preliminary evidence suggesting several new risk or protective loci that may be relevant for diagnosis and treatment success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,19]],"date-time":"2015-09-19T08:29:02Z","timestamp":1442651342000},"page":"898-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Synaptic Plasticity and Signal Transduction Gene Polymorphisms and Vulnerability to Drug Addictions in Populations of European or African Ancestry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Orna","family":"Levran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases The Rockefeller University New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Einat","family":"Peles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. 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