{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:57:30Z","timestamp":1791201450257,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]],"date-time":"2017-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81271545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81271545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008235","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008235","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>To evaluate the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS<\/jats:styled-content>) on motor recovery after stroke using a prospective, double\u2010blind, randomized, sham\u2010controlled study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Patients with unilateral subcortical infarction in the middle cerebral artery territory within 1\u00a0week after onset were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into an rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> treatment group and a sham group. We performed high\u2010frequency rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> or sham rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> on the two groups. Motor functional scores were assessed pre\u2010 and post\u2010rTMS<\/jats:styled-content>\/sham rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> and at 1\u00a0month, 3\u00a0months, 6\u00a0months, and 1\u00a0year after stroke onset. The scores included the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS<\/jats:styled-content>), Barthel Index (BI<\/jats:styled-content>), Fugl\u2010Meyer Assessment Upper Limb\/Lower Limb (FMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UL<\/jats:styled-content>\/LL<\/jats:styled-content>), modified Rank Score (mRS<\/jats:styled-content>), and the resting motor threshold (RMT<\/jats:styled-content>) of the hemiplegic limb.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>At baseline, no significant differences were found between the two groups for motor functional scores. On the second day after rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> treatment, score improvements of the NIHSS<\/jats:styled-content>, BI<\/jats:styled-content>, FMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UL<\/jats:styled-content> in the real treatment group were more significant than those in the sham group. In addition, similar results were obtained at 1\u00a0month. However, at 3\u00a0months, 6\u00a0months, and 1\u00a0year after onset, no significant differences in improvement were observed between the two groups, except for the FMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010UL<\/jats:styled-content> score improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> facilitates motor recovery of acute stroke patients, and the effect can last to 1\u00a0month, except the function improvement on upper extremities could last for 1\u00a0year. A single course of rTMS<\/jats:styled-content> in the acute stage may induce the improvement of upper extremities function lasted for 1\u00a0year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]],"date-time":"2017-10-03T04:16:39Z","timestamp":1507004199000},"page":"940-946","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) after acute stroke: A one\u2010year longitudinal randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3822-4440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Zhou","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 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