{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:19:24Z","timestamp":1761920364784,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471219","81230027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471219","81230027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Increasing evidence indicates that NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> is a Th2\u2010 and Th17\u2010dominant disease. IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201025, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 are three newly found Th2\u2010related cytokines, and their roles in the pathogenesis of NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> have not been studied. This study aimed to measure the serum levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201025, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 in patients with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> and evaluate their clinical implications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Serum was collected from patients with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a048) and healthy controls (HC<\/jats:styled-content>, n\u00a0=\u00a028). Serum level measurements of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201025, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 were performed using enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay (ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>) method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The serum levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201025, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 were significantly higher in patients with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> as compared to HC<\/jats:styled-content>. The serum level of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031 was significantly correlated with IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.382,P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009) in patients with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>; the latter is a critical cytokine in the pathogenesis of NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>. The serum level of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 was higher in patients with characteristic brain lesions than patients without (307\u00a0pg\/mL vs 166\u00a0pg\/mL, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.028). Furthermore, the serum level of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 in the acute phase of the disease was positively correlated with annualized relapse rate (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.364, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>We found higher serum levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201025, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201031, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 in patient with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> as compared to healthy controls. The serum level of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 during acute phase was associated with more past attacks in patients with NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]],"date-time":"2017-11-07T04:32:43Z","timestamp":1510029163000},"page":"64-69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Th2 axis\u2010related cytokines in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Ying","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 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