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It is an important ability for daily life and is impaired in several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS<\/jats:styled-content>) applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content>) was reported to enhance the capability of short\u2010term memory in healthy subjects. However, results were not consistent and what is the possible impact factor is not known. One important factor that may significantly influence the effect of tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> is the timing of tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Aims<\/jats:title>In order to explore whether tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> impact short\u2010term memory and the optimal timing of tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> administration, we applied anodal tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> to the left DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content> to explore the modulatory effect of online and off\u2010line tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> on digit span as well as visual short\u2010term memory performance in healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Results showed tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> of the left DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content> did not influence intentional digit span memory performance, whether before the task or during the task. In addition, tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> of the DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content> administered before the task showed no effect on visual short\u2010term memory, while there was a trend of increase in false alarm when tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> of the DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content> administered during the task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>These results did not provide evidence for the enhancement of short\u2010term memory by tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> of the left DLPFC<\/jats:styled-content> in healthy subjects, but it suggested an importance of administration time for visual short\u2010term memory. Further studies are required to taking into account the baseline performance of subjects and time\u2010dependence feature of tDCS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T04:46:52Z","timestamp":1511498812000},"page":"58-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["No effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on short\u2010term memory"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences\/Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Bing","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG\/McGovern Institute for Brain 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