{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:44:44Z","timestamp":1790775884677,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81371289"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81371289"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCCI<\/jats:styled-content>) may not be an independent disease; rather, it is a pervasive state of long\u2010term cerebral blood flow insufficiency caused by a variety of etiologies, and considered to be associated with either occurrence or recurrence of ischemic stroke, vascular cognitive impairment, and development of vascular dementia, resulting in disability and mortality worldwide. This review summarizes the features and recent progress of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCCI<\/jats:styled-content>, mainly focusing on epidemiology, experimental research, pathophysiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging presentation, diagnosis, and potential therapeutic regimens. Some research directions are briefly discussed as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T03:56:35Z","timestamp":1510804595000},"page":"5-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Advances in chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1376-4213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1190-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si\u2010Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing\u2010Yuan","family":"Ya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Yue","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Ling","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Chuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0293-2744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xun\u2010Ming","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"},{"name":"Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of China\u2010America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8301.2012.00423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141203","article-title":"Chronic brain hypoperfusion due to multi\u2010vessel extracranial atherosclerotic disease: a potentially reversible cause of cognitive impairment","volume":"43","author":"Safouris A","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003508"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23925"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00302-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2006.00045.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.578229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001972"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1159\/000448272","article-title":"Epidemiology","volume":"40","author":"Gorelick P","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)01169-4","article-title":"Reversal of ischemic\u2010induced chronic memory dysfunction in aging rats with a free radical scavenger\u2010glycolytic intermediate combination","volume":"779","author":"Torre JC","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.002813"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1592-15.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.5.1198","article-title":"A new rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion associated with arteriovenous malformations","volume":"97","author":"Hai J","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000083594.10117.7A"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(01)00195-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.620179"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2014.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06958.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.490151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.011679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04082-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.581686"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","volume-title":"Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology","author":"Victor M","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.11.1668"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360404"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2015.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2011-1843","article-title":"Relief of carotid stenosis improves impaired cognition in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion","volume":"71","author":"Duan W","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2007.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000217258.63925.6b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20265"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000181066.23213.8f"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000221308.94473.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs351"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000143725.19053.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.9.1683"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1873"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001140"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017691"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164106X91870"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.08.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.172072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000319691.50117.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009589"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2007.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132813Y.0000000175"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-012-9347-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000346158"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567202611666140520124407"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2016.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-003-0749-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FP0061457"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.03.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2015.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.10.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/13816128113199990026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.10.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","first-page":"549","article-title":"The central histamine level in rat model of vascular dementia","volume":"62","author":"Stasiak A","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.11.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.04.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Brain ischemia, neurogenesis, and neurotrophic receptor expression in primates","volume":"149","author":"Tonchev AB","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2007.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098774"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9512-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"Microglial cell dysregulation in brain aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"7","author":"Bernhardi R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","first-page":"811","article-title":"MRI in patients with cerebral infarct and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency","volume":"43","author":"Hirai S","year":"1991","journal-title":"No To Shinkei"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.652420"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-014-1463-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","first-page":"520","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of regional cerebrovascular reactivity to acetazolamide using 123I\u2010N\u2010isopropyl\u2010p\u2010iodoamphetamine autoradiography with SPECT: validation study using H2 15O with PET","volume":"44","author":"Ogasawara K","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-008-0403-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0193-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0000000000000276"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318271f76a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-015-0358-6"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcns.12780","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.12780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T17:42:46Z","timestamp":1719596566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.12780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.12780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.12780","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]]}}}