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However, the involvement of tachykinin receptors (NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s) within baroreflex afferent pathway in SP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010mediated BP<\/jats:styled-content> regulation is largely unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Under control and hypertensive condition, NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2019 expressions were evaluated in nodose (NG<\/jats:styled-content>) and nucleus of tractus solitary (NTS<\/jats:styled-content>) of male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX<\/jats:styled-content>) rats; BP<\/jats:styled-content> was recorded after microinjection of SP<\/jats:styled-content> and NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s agonists into NG<\/jats:styled-content>; Baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS<\/jats:styled-content>) was tested as well.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Immunostaining and immunoblotting data showed that NK<\/jats:styled-content>1R and NK<\/jats:styled-content>2R were estrogen\u2010dependently expressed on myelinated and unmyelinated afferents in NG<\/jats:styled-content>. A functional study showed that BP<\/jats:styled-content> was reduced dose\u2010dependently by SP<\/jats:styled-content> microinjection, which was more dramatic in males and can be mimicked by NK<\/jats:styled-content>1R and NK<\/jats:styled-content>2R agonists. Notably, further BP<\/jats:styled-content> elevation and BRS<\/jats:styled-content> dysfunction were confirmed in desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010salt model in OVX<\/jats:styled-content> compared with DOCA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010salt model in intact female rats. Additionally, similar changes in NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2019 expression in NG<\/jats:styled-content> were also detected using DOCA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010salt and SHR<\/jats:styled-content>. Compared with NG<\/jats:styled-content>, inversed expression profiles of NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s were also found in NTS<\/jats:styled-content> with either gender.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The estrogen\u2010dependent NKR<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2019 expression in baroreflex afferent pathway participates at least partially in sexual\u2010dimorphic and SP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010mediated BP<\/jats:styled-content> regulation under physiological and hypertensive conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,14]],"date-time":"2018-06-14T00:04:51Z","timestamp":1528934691000},"page":"123-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Direct activation of tachykinin receptors within baroreflex afferent pathway and neurocontrol of blood pressure 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