{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:27:53Z","timestamp":1792801673838,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Schwabe Pharma Asia Pacific Pte Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>Ginkgo biloba<\/jats:italic>\n                      special extract, EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      has been widely used in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To guide clinical practice in the Asian region, the Asian Clinical Expert Group on Neurocognitive Disorders compiled evidence\u2010based consensus recommendations regarding the use of EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      in neurocognitive disorders with\/without cerebrovascular disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Key randomized trials and robust meta\u2010analyses have demonstrated significant improvement in cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life with EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      versus placebo in patients with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate dementia. In those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      has also demonstrated significant symptomatic improvement versus placebo. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry guidelines list EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      with the same strength of evidence as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate (NMDA) antagonists e.g. memantine (Grade 3 recommendation; Level B evidence). Only EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      had Level B evidence in improving cognition, behaviour, and ADL in both AD and vascular dementia patients. Safety analyses show EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      to have a positive risk\u2010benefit profile. While concerns have been raised regarding a possible increased bleeding risk, several randomized trials and two meta\u2010analyses have not supported this association.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Expert Group foresee an important role for EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      , used alone or as an add\u2010on therapy, in the treatment of MCI and dementias, particularly when patients do not derive benefit from acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA antagonists. EGb 761\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      should be used in alignment with local clinical practice guidelines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T23:07:13Z","timestamp":1547593633000},"page":"288-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Treatment of dementia and mild cognitive impairment with or without cerebrovascular disease: Expert consensus on the use of\n                    <i>Ginkgo biloba<\/i>\n                    extract, EGb 761\n                    <sup>\u00ae<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9244-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagaendran","family":"Kandiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke\u2010NUS Singapore National 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