{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T18:52:36Z","timestamp":1790103156021,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]],"date-time":"2019-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61761166003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61761166003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a very complex neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by social difficulties and stereotypical or repetitive behavior. Some previous studies using low\u2010frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have proven of benefit in ASD children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 32 children (26 males and six females) with low\u2010function autism were enrolled, 16 children (three females and 13 males; mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD age: 7.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.1\u00a0years) received rTMS treatment twice every week, while the remaining 16 children (three females and 13 males; mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD age: 7.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.6\u00a0years) served as waitlist group. This study investigated the effects of rTMS on brain activity and behavioral response in the autistic children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peak alpha frequency (PAF) is an electroencephalographic measure of cognitive preparedness and might be a neural marker of cognitive function for the autism. Coherence is one way to assess the brain functional connectivity of ASD children, which has proven abnormal in previous studies. The results showed significant increases in the PAF at the frontal region, the left temporal region, the right temporal region and the occipital region and a significant increase of alpha coherence between the central region and the right temporal region. Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) scores were also compared before and after receiving rTMS with positive effects shown on behavior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings supported our hypothesis by demonstration of positive effects of combined rTMS neurotherapy in active treatment group as compared to the waitlist group, as the rTMS group showed significant improvements in behavioral and functional outcomes as compared to the waitlist group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]],"date-time":"2019-06-22T18:08:52Z","timestamp":1561226932000},"page":"1254-1261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on children with low\u2010function autism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jian\u2010Nan","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic &amp; Information Engineering Hebei University Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Jia","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic &amp; Information Engineering Hebei University Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel F.","family":"Casanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville Campus, Greenville Health System Greenville South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estate M.","family":"Sokhadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville Campus, Greenville 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