{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:35:04Z","timestamp":1793327704276,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004835","name":"Zhejiang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["188020\u2010193810101\/089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["188020\u2010193810101\/089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Generalized epilepsy is rarely reported in patients with Wilson disease (WD) and lacks experience in clinical practice. We aim to provide better experience for the diagnosis and treatment for WD patients with epilepsy in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was performed in 13 Chinese WD patients with generalized epilepsy. Each patient was diagnosed with WD by clinical evaluation and genetic screening. Patients were given small doses of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), followed by copper\u2010chelation therapy when the seizures stabilized. Clinical manifestations, brain imaging changes, and treatment and outcome after a long\u2010term follow\u2010up were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four out of 13 (30.8%) patients stopped taking copper\u2010chelation drugs for more than 1\u00a0year before they were admitted for epilepsy. The incidence of epilepsy of WD patients in our cohort is 1.43% (13\/910), lower than those (4.5%\u20105.9%) in other populations. After the attack of epilepsy, frontal lobes were the most common abnormalities (13\/13, 100%) in patients, followed by brain stem (8\/13, 61.5%) and thalamus (7\/13, 53.8%). After a long\u2010term follow\u2010up, brain imaging and clinical manifestations of 8 (8\/9, 88.9%) WD patients were significantly improved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We firstly described WD patients with generalized epilepsy in the Chinese population. WD patients with aggravation of neuropsychiatric symptoms are prone to occur epilepsy; thus, brain MRI should be performed regularly in those patients. Cortical abnormality in brain MRI is a warning sign of epilepsy. Irregular use of copper\u2010chelation drugs and excessive copper deposition in the brain may be the cause of seizures. Long\u2010term standardized treatment for WD can effectively prevent the extensive brain damage and reduce the incidence of epilepsy in WD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T10:13:11Z","timestamp":1586772791000},"page":"842-850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical features and outcome of Wilson's disease with generalized epilepsy in Chinese patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8762-1544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rou\u2010Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo\u2010Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Qing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2106-572X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi\u2010Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70190-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.02.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2011.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605390103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.14596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21761"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2009.0254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/111.5.1139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-013-0063-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.43.s.3.14.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000539"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0018-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0101-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7323121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.01.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.043s2019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190319121505"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcns.13373","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.13373","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cns.13373","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.13373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T12:21:18Z","timestamp":1693916478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.13373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.13373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.13373","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}