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However, the diversity of previous music protocols has resulted in disparate outcomes. The optimized protocol and features for music adjuvant therapy are still not fully understood which limits its feasibility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>By applying different regimens of music therapy in various temporal lobe epilepsy models, we evaluated the effect of music in combination with sub\u2010dose drugs on epileptic seizures to determine the optimized protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A subgroup of kindled mice that were responsive to music adjuvant therapy was screened. In those mice, sub\u2010dose drugs which were noneffective on kindled seizures, alleviated seizure severity after 12\u00a0h\/day Mozart K.448 for 14\u00a0days. Shorter durations of music therapy (2 and 6\u00a0h\/day) were ineffective. Furthermore, only full\u2010length Mozart K.448, not its episodes or other music varieties, was capable of enhancing the efficacy of sub\u2010dose drugs. This music therapeutic effect was not due to increasing cerebral drug concentration, but instead was related with the modulation of seizure electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral powers in the hippocampus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results indicate that long\u2010term full\u2010length Mozart K.448 could enhance the anti\u2010seizure efficacy of sub\u2010dose drugs and may be a promising noninvasive adjuvant therapy for temporal lobe epilepsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T03:45:36Z","timestamp":1614570336000},"page":"206-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Long\u2010term music adjuvant therapy enhances the efficacy of sub\u2010dose antiepileptic drugs in temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ceng\u2010Lin","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology &amp; 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