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Yet, the impact of <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic> infection on sleep, a highly sensitive index of brain functions, remains unknown. We designed an experimental mouse model of chronic <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic> infection to assess the effects on sleep\u2010wake states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice were infected using cysts of the type II Prugniaud strain. We performed chronic sleep\u2010wake recordings and monitoring as well as EEG power spectral density analysis in order to assess the quantitative and qualitative changes of sleep\u2010wake states. Pharmacological approach was combined to evaluate the direct impact of the infection and inflammation caused by <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infected mouse exhibited chronic sleep\u2010wake alterations over months, characterized by a marked increase (&gt;20%) in time spent awake and in cortical EEG \u03b8 power density of all sleep\u2010wake states. Meanwhile, slow\u2010wave sleep decreased significantly. These effects were alleviated by an anti\u2010inflammatory treatment using corticosteroid dexamethasone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated for the first time the direct consequences of <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic> infection on sleep\u2010wake states. The persistently increased wakefulness and reduced sleep fit with the parasite's strategy to enhance dissemination through host predation and are of significance in understanding the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders reported in infected patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T15:10:38Z","timestamp":1622819438000},"page":"895-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Chronic <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection and sleep\u2010wake alterations in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6992-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damien","family":"Dupont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Agents Infectieux Parasitologie Mycologie H\u00f4pital de la Croix\u2010Rousse Hospices Civils de Lyon Lyon 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