{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:50:55Z","timestamp":1791337855864,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize the rapid weight gain (RWG) phenotype associated with the onset of childhood narcolepsy and to determine whether it could constitute a marker of severity of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>RWG was defined using the BMI z\u2010score slope reported to one year (&gt;0.67 SD) from symptom onset to disease diagnosis. We compared the clinical, metabolic, and sleep characteristics between patients with or without RWG at diagnosis. Pharmacological management, anthropometric, and clinical progression were also evaluated during the follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 84 de novo narcoleptic pediatric patients were included; their median age at diagnosis was 12.0\u00a0years; 59.5% boys, 90.5% cataplexy, and 98.7% HLA\u2010DQB1*06:02, 57% had RWG profile. RWG patients were younger at diagnosis than non\u2010RWG patients, despite a shorter diagnostic delay. They had a higher BMI z\u2010score and a higher prevalence of obesity at diagnosis, but not at symptom onset, and higher adapted Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Insomnia Severity Index scores than non\u2010RWG patients. No differences on nocturnal polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests were found between groups at disease diagnosis. After a median follow\u2010up of 5\u00a0years, RWG patients still had a higher BMI z\u2010score and a higher prevalence of obesity despite benefiting from the same therapeutic management and displaying improvement in sleepiness and school difficulties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Narcoleptic RWG patients were younger, sleepier, and the prevalence of obesity was higher at diagnosis despite a shorter diagnostic delay than that of non\u2010RWG patients. These patients had also a higher risk of developing a long\u2010term obesity, despite a positive progression of their narcoleptic symptoms. RGW could then represent a maker of a more severe phenotype of childhood narcolepsy, which should inspire a prompt and more offensive management to prevent obesity and its complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T09:41:11Z","timestamp":1645782071000},"page":"829-841","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Characterization of rapid weight gain phenotype in children with narcolepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6069-0264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems CRNL INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1  Lyon 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