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This study was designed to explore the mechanism and treatment strategy of hypoxia\u2010induced nerve injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 13% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was used to treat mice for 0, 1, 3 7, and 14\u2009days, Morris water maze and other animal behavior experiments were used to evaluate the neurological function of mice. TUNEL, BrdU, PCNA, DCX, and SOX2 staining were used to observe the apoptosis and proliferation of mouse neurons. RT\u2010PCR and Iba1 staining were used to evaluate the release of inflammatory factors IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 and the activation of microglia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short\u2010term hypoxia promotes neurogenesis, while long\u2010term hypoxia inhibits neurogenesis. The changes in hypoxia\u2010induced neurogenesis were positively correlated with neurological functions, but negatively correlated with apoptosis. Moreover, intermittent hypoxic conditioning restored long\u2010term hypoxia\u2010induced neurological dysfunction by promoting neural stem cell generation and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 and the activation of microglia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoxia promoted neurogenesis in a time\u2010dependent manner, and intermittent hypoxic conditioning exerted a neuroprotective effect through promoting neural stem cell generation and suppressing inflammation induced by long\u2010term hypoxia stress, which provided a novel concept to develop a treatment for hypoxia\u2010related brain 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