{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:15:43Z","timestamp":1789071343573,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171512"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171361"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61976248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61976248"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gut microbial disturbance has been established as potential pathogenesis of mental disorders. However, the signatures and differences regarding patients with schizophrenia (SCH) or bipolar disorder (BD) in emerging adulthood as well as their subtypes have been poorly addressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, stool samples obtained from 63 emerging adult patients with schizophrenia (SCH), 50 with bipolar disorder (BD), and 40 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed by 16\u2009S rRNA gene sequencing; psychiatric symptoms and psychological, social, and professional functioning were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that gut microbiota composition was remarkably changed in the patients with SCH and BD. Moreover, the distinct gut microbiome signatures and their potential function in bipolar depression (BP\u2010D) and SCH with predominantly negative symptoms (SCH\u2010N) as well as bipolar mania (BP\u2010M) and SCH with predominantly positive symptoms (SCH\u2010P) were also observed. Furthermore, we identified diagnostic potential biomarkers that can distinguish BD from HC (38 genera, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.961), SCH from HC (32 genera, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.962), and BD from Scheme (13 genera, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.823). Potential diagnostic biomarkers that can distinguish BD\u2010D from SCH\u2010N (16 genera, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.969) and BD\u2010M from SCH\u2010P (31 genera, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.938) were also identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides further understanding of abnormal gut microbiome in emerging adulthood patients with SCH and BD and lay the potential foundation for the development of microbe\u2010based clinical diagnosis for BD and SCH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T10:33:08Z","timestamp":1670236388000},"page":"5-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Gut microbial signatures and differences in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia of emerging adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Yi\u2010huan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui\u2010hong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010jun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution of Neuroscience Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang\u2010tao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2916-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bao\u2010juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8185-0538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng\u2010wu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua\u2010ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31544-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01121-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60072-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.033761"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.04.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbu017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2011.01327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schizbullopen\/sgac009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00080-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796015000700"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.9.1548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-007-9080-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X15666170915141036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2020.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.13049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15457-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073723"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33656-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01234-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01456-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau8317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1890"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902862"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010022\u201001569\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00951-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14132661"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8040573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.09101406"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0466-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.09.014"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","first-page":"7404","article-title":"Gut microbiota and aging","volume":"22","author":"Mangiola F","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0570-y"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.14044","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cns.14044","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.14044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T22:51:36Z","timestamp":1692485496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.14044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.14044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.14044","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}