{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T02:05:07Z","timestamp":1775354707557,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysphagia is a major clinical concern in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between the development of phase\u2010specific dysphagia and the regional brain glucose metabolism remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the distributions of brain glucose metabolism specific to oral and pharyngeal phases of dysphagia in PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective cross\u2010sectional study, patients with PD who underwent videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluorodeoxy\u2010glucose positron emission tomography at intervals of &lt;1\u2009month were included. Each swallow was assessed by the binarized Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale with 14 subitems, seven each for the oral and pharyngeal phases. Metabolism mapping was performed by superimposing significant clusters of subitems belonging to each of the two phases using voxel\u2010wise Firth's penalized binary logistic regression model, adjusting for age and PD duration at VFSS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010two patients with PD who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The oral phase dysphagia\u2010specific overlap map showed hypermetabolism in the right inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral cerebellum, superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortices. Hypometabolism in the bilateral orbital and triangular parts of the inferior to middle frontal gyrus was also correlated with the occurrence of oral phase dysphagia. The development of pharyngeal phase dysphagia was related to hypermetabolism of posterior aspects of the bilateral parietal lobes, cerebellum, and hypometabolism of the mediodorsal aspects of anterior cingulate and middle to superior frontal gyri.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that phase\u2010specific distribution of brain glucose metabolism may explain the dysphagia of PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T04:49:43Z","timestamp":1681274983000},"page":"2498-2507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Association of dysphagia with altered brain glucose metabolism in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eui Jin","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Medical Research Institute Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miju","family":"Cheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5255-6279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun Yup","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Medical Research Institute Veterans Health Service Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hanyang University Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-011-0204-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.14002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6801-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.2.938"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101685"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2017.41.2.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211006300"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jnrp.jnrp_68_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-008-9195-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-020-0118-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0818"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.183152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520280050015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.21939"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-014-9524-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2012.36.6.791"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-008-9185-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05175-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000112902"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5899"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","unstructured":"GuillaumeB NicholsT.Non\u2010parametric inference for longitudinal and repeated\u2010measures neuroimaging data with the wild bootstrap. Poster presented at: the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) in Hawaii.2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","series-title":"Wiley series in probability and statistics","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Categorical Data Analysis","author":"Agresti A","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1602413113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.11.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2016.0475"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx316"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000345987"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1316"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2008.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1999.277.1.G219"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-019-10015-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13307"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002249"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.186403"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600358"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws360"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2004.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199909)46:3<281::AID-ANA2>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2010.07244.x"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.14214","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T07:59:06Z","timestamp":1718006346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.14214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.14214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.14214","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}