{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:09:19Z","timestamp":1791256159835,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31871211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gecko, the \u201csky dragon\u201d named by Traditional Chinese Medicine, undergoes rapid coagulation and scarless regeneration following tail amputation in the natural ecology, providing a perfect opportunity to develop the efficient and safe drug for blood clotting. Here, gecko thrombin (gthrombin) was recombinantly prepared and comparatively studied on its procoagulant activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The 3D structure of gthrombin was constructed using the homology modeling method of I\u2010TASSER. The active gthrombin was prepared by the expression of gecko prethrombin\u20102 in 293\u2009T cells, followed by purification with Ni\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010chelating column chromatography prior to activation by snake venom\u2010derived Ecarin. The enzymatic activities of gthrombin were assayed by hydrolysis of synthetic substrate S\u20102238 and the fibrinogen clotting. The vulnerable nerve cells were used to evaluate the toxicity of gthrombin at molecular and cellular levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The active recombinant gthrombin showed super\u2010high catalytic and fibrinogenolytic efficiency than those of human under different temperatures and pH conditions. In addition, gthrombin made nontoxic effects on the central nerve cells including neurons, contrary to those of mammalian counterparts, which contribute to neuronal damage, astrogliosis, and demyelination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A super\u2010high activity but safe procoagulant candidate drug was identified from reptiles, which provided a promising perspective for clinical application in rapid blood clotting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T05:59:46Z","timestamp":1683266386000},"page":"3081-3093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Super\u2010high procoagulant activity of gecko thrombin: A gift from sky dragon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University  Nantong PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University  Nantong PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University  Nantong PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anti\u2010aging &amp; 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