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Hence, recovery of consciousness is an important part of treatment. With advancing techniques, noninvasive neuromodulation seems a promising intervention. The objective of this review was to summarize the latest techniques and provide the basis for protocols of noninvasive neuromodulations in pDoC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review summarized the advances in noninvasive neuromodulation in the treatment of pDoC in the last 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variable techniques of neuromodulation are used in pDoC. Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation (TUS) and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) are very new techniques, while transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are still the hotspots in pDoC. Median nerve electrical stimulation (MNS) has received little attention in the last 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Noninvasive neuromodulation is a valuable and promising technique to treat pDoC. Further studies are needed to determine a unified stimulus protocol to achieve optimal effects as well as safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T08:33:45Z","timestamp":1715762025000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["An update on noninvasive neuromodulation in the treatment of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0326-5747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xuan 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