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The paraventricular nucleus (PVN), located in the anterior hypothalamus, serves as a neuroendocrine center and is a key component of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review aimed to explore how the PVN impacts reward and aversion in drug addiction through stress responses and emotional regulation and to evaluate the potential of PVN as a therapeutic target for drug addiction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We review the current literature, focusing on three main neuron types in the PVN\u2014corticotropin\u2010releasing factor, oxytocin, and arginine vasopressin neurons\u2014as well as other related neurons, to understand their roles in modulating addiction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Existing studies highlight the PVN as a key mediator in addiction, playing a dual role in reward and aversion systems. These findings are crucial for understanding addiction mechanisms and developing targeted therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of PVN in stress response and emotional regulation suggests its potential as a therapeutic target in drug addiction, offering new insights for addiction treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T05:05:01Z","timestamp":1726722301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Modulating reward and aversion: Insights into addiction from the paraventricular nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9846-4090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihao","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Province People's Hospital The First\u2010Affiliated 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