{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T22:07:25Z","timestamp":1780697245149,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Levodopa\u2010induced dyskinesia (DYS) adversely affects the quality of life of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between DYS and sleep and electroencephalography (EEG). Our study aimed to establish the objective physiological indicators assessed by polysomnography (PSG) that are associated with DYS in PD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<jats:bold>s<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 122 patients with PD, divided into two groups: PD with DYS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927) and PD without DYS group (non\u2010DYS, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200995). The demographics and clinical characteristics and sleep assessment in the two groups were collected. More importantly, overnight six\u2010channel PSG parameters were compared in the two groups. We also compared different bands and brain regions of average power spectral density within each group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with the non\u2010DYS group, the DYS group tended to have a significantly higher percentage of nonrapid eye movement sleep (NREM). Gender, levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD), rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (min), and the NREM percentage were positively correlated with the occurrence of DYS. After adjusting for gender, disease duration, LEDD, taking amantadine or not, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), NREM%, N3%, and REM (min), the percentage of NREM sleep (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), female (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), and LEDD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), and REM sleep time (min) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012) were still associated with DYS. There was no significant difference in whole\u2010night different bands of average power spectral density between two groups. There was no significant difference in normalized average power spectral density of slow wave activity (SWA) (0.5\u20132\u2009Hz, 0.5\u20134\u2009Hz, and 2\u20134\u2009Hz) of early and late NREM sleep in the DYS group. Dynamic normalized average power spectral density of SWA of low\u2010frequency (0.5\u20132\u2009Hz) reduction in the frontal region (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) was associated with DYS in logistic regression after adjusting for confounding factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>PD patients with DYS have substantial sleep structure variations. Higher NREM percentage and less REM percentage were observed in PD patients with DYS. Dynamic normalized average power spectral density of low\u2010frequency (0.5\u20132\u2009Hz) SWA reduction in the frontal area could be a new electrophysiological marker of DYS in PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T07:39:17Z","timestamp":1728286757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lack variation of low slow\u2010wave activity over time in the frontal region in <scp>NREM<\/scp> sleep may be associated with dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6948-6983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Du Shu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010ye","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han\u2010Ying","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong\u2010Ke","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Yu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Ru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Jie","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8364-0219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun\u2010Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21475"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.12.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.12.1631"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.229903"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2006.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abe7099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-202215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-020-02015-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0970"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.618101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296816685717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02663"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2000-1343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2014.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(96)00169-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328305044d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2011.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah5982"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.7.s1.4.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702495104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsac165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2019.1681966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S243204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/aca641"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1966.tb02650.x"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.70058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T12:37:28Z","timestamp":1730205448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.70058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.70058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.70058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70058"}}