{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:43:00Z","timestamp":1792694580901,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]],"date-time":"2024-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401683"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12001470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12001470"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior research has underscored the importance of sphingolipid metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Our objective was to explore the associations between plasma ceramide levels and PD patients with cognitive dysfunction (PD\u2010CD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled two study populations from Eastern China and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), comprising 290 (100 HCs, 160 PDs, and 30 MSAs) and 429 (125 HCs and 304 PDs) participants, respectively. The plasma levels of ceramides (Cer 16:0, Cer 18:0, Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1) were tested via HPLC\u2013MS\/MS analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with those in the HC group, the plasma levels of Cer 18:0, Cer 24:1, Cer 16:0\/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0\/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1\/Cer 24:0 were higher in both the PD and MSA groups. Significant differences in the plasma levels of Cer 16:0\/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0\/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1\/Cer 24:0 were observed among the PD\u2010NC (PD with normal cognition), PD\u2010MCI (PD with mild cognitive impairment), and PDD (PD dementia) groups, with the PDD group exhibiting the highest levels. PD patients with higher baseline levels of plasma ceramides (specifically, Cer 18:0, Cer 16:0\/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0\/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1\/Cer 24:0) demonstrated accelerated cognitive decline compared with individuals who had lower baseline plasma ceramide levels during the 5\u2010year follow\u2010up period. A biomarker panel including Cer 18:0\/Cer 24:0 and Cer 24:1\/Cer 24:0 could effectively differentiate PD\u2010CD from PD\u2010NC with notable diagnostic accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that plasma ceramide levels could potentially be used as diagnostic biomarkers for PD\u2010CD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T03:49:40Z","timestamp":1729482580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploratory Analysis of the Association Between Plasma Ceramide Alterations and Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou Jiangsu 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