{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T13:36:19Z","timestamp":1789220179494,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3082100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3082100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop a tool for automated subtype classification and segmentation of intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) on CT scans of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, outcome prediction for patients can effectively facilitate patient management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study presents a cascade framework for two\u2010stage segmentation and multi\u2010label classification. The hematoma region of interest (ROI) is localized, and then the ROI is cropped and resized to the original pixel size before being input into the model again to obtain the segmentation results. In multilabel classification, the mask obtained from automatic segmentation is superimposed onto the corresponding ROI and CT slices, respectively, to constitute the input image. Subsequently, the ROI image is employed as the local network input to obtain local features. Third, the CT image is utilized to construct a feature extraction network to obtain global features. Ultimately, the local and global features are fused dimensions in the pooling layer,\u00a0and calculated to generate the final retrieval results. For the prediction of 14\u2010day in\u2010hospital mortality, automatically extracted hematoma subtype and volume features were integrated to enhance the widely used CRASH model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed segmentation method achieves the best estimates on the Dice similarity coefficient and Jaccard Similarity Index. The proposed multilabel classification method achieved an average accuracy of 95.91%. For mortality prediction, the best model achieved an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.91 by 5\u2010fold cross\u2010validation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed method enhances the precision of hematoma segmentation and subtype classification. In clinical settings, the method can streamline the evaluation of ICH for radiologists, and the automatically extracted features are anticipated to facilitate prognosis assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T12:25:03Z","timestamp":1731500703000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Automated Hematoma Detection and Outcome Prediction in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6029-718X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine Tianjin University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Shenzhen 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