{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:03:04Z","timestamp":1787241784423,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005847","name":"Health and Medical Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14151281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14151281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease with limited treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the effects of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      extract (LBE), a Chinese herb, on the central nervous system (CNS)\u2014including the retina, brain, and spinal cord\u2014in 5xFAD transgenic mice after the onset of AD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Starting at 6\u2009months of age, 5xFAD mice received daily intragastric gavage of LBE (2\u2009g\/kg) for 2\u2009months. At 8\u2009months, behavioral tests were conducted to assess cognition, motor function, and visual function. These included the Morris water maze, novel object recognition, and Y\u2010maze tests for cognition; the beam walking balance and clasping tests for motor function; and electroretinogram (ERG) for visual function. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and ELISA were used to evaluate A\u03b2 deposition, microglial morphology, neuroinflammation, and neuroprotective signaling pathways. Primary microglia and the IMG cell line were used to study LBE's effects on A\u03b2 uptake and degradation in\u00a0vitro.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 2\u2009months of LBE treatment, the decline in cognition, motor, and visual functions in 5xFAD mice was significantly slowed. Microglia in the brain, spinal cord, and retina exhibited a neuroprotective state, with reduced A\u03b2 deposition, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels (e.g., TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106), increased Arg\u20101\/iNOS ratio, and enhanced phagocytic capacity. LBE also promoted A\u03b2 uptake and degradation in primary microglia and the IMG cell line. Neuroprotective signals such as p\u2010Akt, p\u2010Erk1\/2, and p\u2010CREB were elevated. Additionally, LBE treatment restored synaptic protein expression and enhanced neuroplasticity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that LBE treatment can enhance neuroplasticity, reduce systemic inflammation, and improve phagocyte clearance of A\u03b2 deposition via inducing a neuroprotective microglial phenotype throughout CNS. As an upper\u2010class Chinese medicine, appropriate intake of LBE may serve as a beneficial antiaging strategy for AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T05:27:36Z","timestamp":1732080456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>Lycium barbarum<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Extract Enhanced Neuroplasticity and Functional Recovery in\n                    <scp>5xFAD<\/scp>\n                    Mice via Modulating Microglial Status of the Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5235-5880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongqing","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok\u2010Fai","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"State Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong\u2010Hongkong\u2010Macau CNS Regeneration Institute, Ministry of Education Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Kai Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Orthopedics Center The University of Hong Kong\u2010Shenzhen Hospital  Shenzhen 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