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The major periodontal pathogens contribute to the progression of stroke\u2010related risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Transcriptional changes in periodontitis pathogens have been detected in oral samples from stroke patients, suggesting a new conceptual framework involving microorganisms. The bidirectional regulation between the gut and the central nervous system (CNS) is mediated by interactions between intestinal microflora and brain cells. The connection between the oral cavity and gut through microbiota indicates that the oral microbial community may play a role in mediating complex communication between the oral cavity and the CNS; however, underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. In this review, we present an overview of key concepts and potential mechanisms of interaction between the oral\u2013gut\u2013brain axis based on previous research, focusing on how the oral microbiome (especially the periodontal pathogens) impacts IS and its risk factors, as well as the mediating role of immune system homeostasis, and providing potential preventive and therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T17:38:59Z","timestamp":1734284339000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Oral\u2013Gut\u2013Brain Axis: The Influence of Microbes as a Link of Periodontitis With Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan 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