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This study aimed to investigate the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on cognitive function in a mouse model of AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four\u2010month\u2010old 5\u2009\u00d7\u2009FAD (familial Alzheimer's disease) mice underwent antibiotic treatment to deplete their native gut microbiota. Subsequently, they received FMT either weekly or every other day. After 8\u2009weeks, cognitive function and \u03b2\u2010amyloid (A\u03b2) load were assessed through behavioral testing and pathological analysis, respectively. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial weekly FMT failed to alleviate memory deficits or reduce brain A\u03b2 pathology in 5\u2009\u00d7\u2009FAD mice. In contrast, FMT administered every other day effectively restored gut dysbiosis\u2009in 5\u2009\u00d7\u2009FAD mice and decreased A\u03b2 pathology and lipopolysaccharide levels in the colon and hippocampus. Mechanistically, FMT reduced the expression of amyloid \u03b2 precursor protein, \u03b2\u2010site APP cleaving enzyme 1, and presenilin\u20101, potentially by inhibiting the Toll\u2010like receptor 4\/inhibitor of kappa B kinase \u03b2\/nuclear factor kappa\u2010B signaling pathway. However, the cognitive benefits of FMT on 5\u2009\u00d7\u2009FAD mice diminished over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate the dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent efficacy of FMT in mitigating AD\u2010like pathology, underscoring the potential of targeting the gut microbiota for AD treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T04:21:26Z","timestamp":1739766086000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Cognitive Function of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Xueqin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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