{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:06:11Z","timestamp":1791493571145,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a novel therapy for severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is an ongoing debate regarding the optimal target for DBS, particularly the fornix and the basal ganglia of Meynert (NBM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DBS for severe AD and to compare the fornix and the NBM as potential targets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a prospective, nonrandomized clinical study involving 20 patients with severe AD (MMSE score 0 to 10, CDR level 3) from January 2015 to August 2022, comprising 12 males and eight females, with a mean age of 59.05\u2009\u00b1\u20096.45\u2009years. All patients underwent DBS treatment, among which 14 received bilateral fornix implantation, while six received bilateral implantation in the NBM. Electrical stimulation commenced 1 month postoperatively. We assessed the patients before surgery, followed by evaluations at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months poststimulation. Primary outcome measures focused on changes in cognitive function, assessed using the MMSE, MoCA, ADAS\u2010Cog, and CDR scales. Secondary measures encompassed quality of life, caregiver burden, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and sleep disturbances, evaluated through the BI, FAQ, FIM, ZBI, NPI, HAMA, HAMD, and PSQI scales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients tolerated DBS well, with no serious adverse effects reported. Early on, DBS significantly improved cognitive function and quality of life. Long\u2010term benefits include the improvement of neuropsychiatric symptoms and sleep disorders and the alleviation of caregiver burden. Comparison between DBS targeting the NBM and fornix revealed no significant differences in overall scale scores. However, upon deeper analysis, NBM\u2010DBS exhibited a more pronounced improvement in neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly in NPI scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DBS is a potential therapeutic approach for severe AD, capable of improving patients' cognitive function, quality of life, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Notably, NBM\u2010DBS showed distinct advantages in ameliorating neuropsychiatric symptoms, providing valuable insights for clinically selecting the optimal DBS target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      identifier: NCT03115814\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T08:17:52Z","timestamp":1744877872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation (\n                    <scp>DBS<\/scp>\n                    ) for Severe Alzheimer's Disease: A Comparative Analysis of Fornix Versus Basal Ganglia of Meynert"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9958-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junpeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guosong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhebin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PLA 942 Hospital  Yinchuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haonan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College of Hebei North University  Zhangjiakou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinguang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing 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