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One key aspect of brain activity is alpha\u2010band activity, which encompasses various sub\u2010oscillations within the alpha frequency band. However, the precise functions of these alpha sub\u2010oscillations following different exercise regimens remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 58 healthy college students and divided them into four groups: Pamela (high\u2010intensity interval training, HIIT), yoga (moderate\u2010intensity continuous training, MICT), and their corresponding matched control group (no exercise) for each exercise intervention group. Participants in the exercise intervention groups underwent training for up to 8\u2009weeks (HIIT or MICT). Resting\u2010state EEG data were collected before and after training, both with eyes open and closed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following HIIT, the Pamela group experienced a significant reduction in body fat percentage and a notable increase in skeletal muscle mass. In terms of neural activity, the main difference was observed in the mid\u2010frequency alpha range in the frontoparietal region during the eyes\u2010open resting state. Conversely, after 8\u2010week yoga training, participants demonstrated a significant improvement in the duration of maintaining balance and sleep quality, and the main neural difference was reflected in the low\u2010 and high\u2010frequency alpha band activities in the bilateral frontotemporal regions during the eyes\u2010closed resting state.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study, for the first time, differentiates the effects of long\u2010term moderate\u2010 and high\u2010intensity exercise on neural oscillation during different resting states, which highlights that different sub\u2010frequency bands within the alpha frequency band would represent different exercise\u2010related functions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:45:08Z","timestamp":1746492308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Distinct Mechanisms of Multiple Alpha\u2010Band Activities in Frontal Regions Following an 8\u2010Week Medium\u2010 (Yoga) and High\u2010Intensity (Pamela) Exercise Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kaixuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education China University of Geosciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huipeng","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education China University of Geosciences  Beijing 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