{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:09:31Z","timestamp":1788178171128,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the neural mechanisms of left temporal lobe drug\u2010resistant epilepsy (DRE) with attention network dysfunction using the attention network test (ANT) and synchronous electroencephalography (EEG).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study enrolled three cohorts: 20 patients with left temporal lobe drug\u2010resistant epilepsy (DRE group), 20 left temporal lobe drug\u2010sensitive epilepsy (DSE group) patients, and 20 age\u2010\/sex\u2010matched healthy controls (Ctrl group). Participants completed standardized ANT tasks while scalp EEG was recorded at a 1000\u2009Hz sampling rate. We computed power spectral density (PSD) of neural oscillations from ANT\u2010task EEG epochs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>DRE patients exhibited significantly impaired network efficiency across executive control (EC), alerting, and orienting networks. Compared to the Ctrl group, both DRE and DSE groups demonstrated reduced frontal theta PSDs in EC, alerting, and orienting networks (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with the DRE group showing greater deficits than the DSE group in the EC network (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Additionally, Significant correlations emerged between frontal theta PSD and behavior in Ctrl (EC<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.659, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002; Alerting<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.690, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; Orienting<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.649, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) and DSE (EC<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.595, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006; Alerting<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.592, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006; Orienting<jats:sub>_effect<\/jats:sub>: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.588, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). In the DRE group, however, The theta band PSDs of the attention network show no significant correlation with behavioral response effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drug\u2010resistant epilepsy patients have dysfunctional attention network behavior and decreased theta band PSDs in the frontal lobe. It is possible that decreased theta oscillations in the frontal lobe may contribute to ANT behavior dysfunction in drug\u2010resistant epilepsy patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T03:03:36Z","timestamp":1749697416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Task\u2010Evoked Theta Oscillation Dysregulation Underlies Attention Network Deficits in Left Temporal Lobe Drug\u2010Resistant Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9646-2909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changqing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"},{"name":"Graduate School of Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Rehabilitation Anhui Wannan Rehabilitation Hospital (Wuhu No. 5 People's Hospital)  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieju","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"},{"name":"Graduate School of Wannan Medical College  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zonghan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"},{"name":"Graduate School of Wannan Medical College  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizao","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongsheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingnian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Rehabilitation Anhui Wannan Rehabilitation Hospital (Wuhu No. 5 People's Hospital)  Wuhu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107701"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30499-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00023-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642021dn15-010016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00685.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13709"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15337"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70626-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13539"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"A Review on the Trajectory of Attentional Mechanisms in Aging and the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum Through the Attention Network Test","volume":"92","author":"McDonough I. 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