{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T20:11:25Z","timestamp":1789157485278,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oropharyngeal sensory stimulation has been applied broadly in clinical dysphagia management, but evidence remains limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to determine its effectiveness in treating neurogenic dysphagia (ND).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was conducted using studies from PubMed, EMBASE (via Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, searched up to January 2025. We included randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing sensory stimulations, including electrical and gustatory stimulation, with sham controls or placebo. The outcome measurements included swallowing scales based on clinical and instrumental evaluations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 16 RCTs (620 participants) in the meta\u2010analysis. Overall, sensory stimulation significantly improved ND (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917, SMD [95% CI]\u2009=\u20090.80 [0.41, 1.20], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200971%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled effect size remained significant for electrical stimulation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914, SMD [95% CI]\u2009=\u20090.79 [0.36, 1.23], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200964%), but not for gustatory stimulation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093, SMD [95% CI]\u2009=\u20090.76 [\u22121.68, 3.20], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.31; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200990%). The pooled effect sizes for sensory stimulation were significant for both swallowing measurements (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914, SMD [95% CI]\u2009=\u20090.75 [0.27, 1.23], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200976%) and acceleration of decannulation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093, OR [95% CI]\u2009=\u20096.47 [1.10, 38.04], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20093%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oropharyngeal sensory stimulation improves swallowing function and decannulation in ND, with minimal adverse effects. While electrical stimulation shows clear benefits, gustatory effects remain inconclusive. Further studies are warranted to optimize protocols and confirm efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T05:08:47Z","timestamp":1751951327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Meta\u2010Analysis and Systematic Review of the Effects of Sensory Modulation Treatments for Neurogenic Oropharyngeal Dysphagia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9733-8189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Salford Royal Foundation Trust University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Department The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivy","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Salford Royal Foundation Trust University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Academic Unit of Human Communication, Learning, and Development, Faculty of Education The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayodele","family":"Sasegbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Salford Royal Foundation Trust University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Salford Royal Foundation Trust University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaheen","family":"Hamdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Salford Royal Foundation Trust University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010012\u20109432\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010020\u201004495\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42466\u2010021\u201000122\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010010\u20109301\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2010.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010016\u20109696\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"\u201cRelationship Between Post\u2010Stroke Dysphagia and Pharyngeal Sensory Impairment \u201dNeurological Research and Practice (accessed December 28 2024) https:\/\/neurolrespract.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s42466\u2010023\u201000233\u2010z."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5195\/jmla.2018.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280219889080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445516673998"},{"issue":"28","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","article-title":"RoB 2: A Revised Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne J. 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