{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:43:01Z","timestamp":1791999781062,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]],"date-time":"2025-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31671206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31671206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32271228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the protective effect of mitochondrial division inhibitor\u20101 (Mdivi\u20101) against high\u2010altitude\u2010induced memory impairment in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>C57BL\/6J male mice were administered Mdivi\u20101 before exposure to a simulated high\u2010altitude hypoxia environment. The novel object recognition test and Morris water maze were used to test cognitive function. Golgi staining was used to visualize dendritic spines. PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence were performed to detect microglial activation and synaptic phagocytosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mice exposed to short\u2010term or long\u2010term simulated high\u2010altitude conditions experienced memory deficits. However, these deficits were significantly mitigated by pre\u2010treatment with Mdivi\u20101. Simulated high\u2010altitude exposure caused a reduction in synapses (dendritic spines) and the activation of microglia. Following Mdivi\u20101 injection, synapse density was significantly increased, and microglial activation was attenuated. Under hypoxic conditions, primary cultured microglia exhibited significantly enhanced phagocytic activity towards TRITC\u2010Dextran or synaptosomes, which was abolished by Mdivi\u20101. Additionally, Mdivi\u20101 inhibited the HIF\u20101 signaling pathway and restricted the hypoxia\u2010induced glycolytic activity in microglia. Specific inhibition of glycolysis effectively weakened the phagocytic capacity of microglia under hypoxia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mdivi\u20101 dramatically mitigated memory impairment in mice induced by simulated high\u2010altitude exposure. Mdivi\u20101 reduced microglial glycolysis in hypoxic conditions, thereby limiting microglial activation and preventing excessive synaptic phagocytosis. Consequently, it effectively protected memory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T11:01:01Z","timestamp":1749726061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pharmacological Inhibition of Mitochondrial Division Attenuates Simulated High\u2010Altitude Exposure\u2010Induced Memory Impairment in Mice: Involvement of Inhibition of Microglia\u2010Mediated Synapse Elimination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Panpan","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co\u2010Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Special Environmental 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