{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:38:19Z","timestamp":1788482299660,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171297"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to characterize the clinical features of headache in patients with non\u2010thrombotic internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) and to identify associated risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study consecutively enrolled patients with imaging\u2010confirmed non\u2010thrombotic IJVS from January 2021 through July 2024. Participants were divided into IJVS\u2010headache and IJVS\u2010without\u2010headache groups based on clinical symptoms. Demographic, clinical, neuroimaging, and treatment data were reviewed in detail. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 283 eligible patients (median age: 51\u2009years in the IJVS\u2010headache group vs. 56\u2009years in the IJVS\u2010without\u2010headache group,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 65.02% reported headache. Most headaches were chronic (82.07%), generalized (85.87%), and moderate in intensity (53.26%), with notable daily life impact (57.61%). Univariate analysis showed that headache was significantly associated with visual disturbances (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010), elevated cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), high jugular bulb (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007), and severe scalp vein dilation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but inversely associated with severe vertebral vein expansion (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Multivariate regression revealed that high jugular bulb (OR\u2009=\u20093.144, 95% CI: 1.083\u20139.123,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035), severe scalp vein dilation (OR\u2009=\u20092.142, 95% CI: 1.068\u20134.294,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032), and protein C or S deficiency (OR\u2009=\u20095.984, 95% CI: 1.196\u201329.928,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029) were independent risk factors, whereas severe vertebral vein expansion was protective (OR\u2009=\u20090.184, 95% CI: 0.092\u20130.366,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache represents a prevalent and often disabling symptom in non\u2010thrombotic IJVS, underpinned by distinctive vascular and hematologic profiles. Identification of high\u2010risk patients based on neuroimaging and thrombophilia screening may facilitate personalized interventions and improve symptom control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T07:31:28Z","timestamp":1756971088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Headache in Patients With Non\u2010Thrombotic Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Risk Factors in a Retrospective Study of 283 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Advanced Center of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders  Beijing China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, 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