{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:28:19Z","timestamp":1793320099716,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016805","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Nanchong Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82394434"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82394434"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M742438"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M742438"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differentiating Parkinson's disease (PD) from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is crucial for appropriate treatment, as each disease has distinct therapeutic requirements. The Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) has shown promise as a diagnostic biomarker, yet manual methods introduce variability and limit its applicability. In this study, we aim to develop a fully automated algorithm for MRPI 1.0 and 2.0 calculation, and assess its ability to distinguish PD from PSP in two cohorts from different regions of China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 75 PD patients and 29 PSP patients from two hospitals were enrolled. All participants underwent neurological examinations, including the MDS\u2010UPDRS\u2010III and H\u2010Y scale, as well as brain MRI scans. Additionally, tissue\u2010intensity images derived from 3D isotropic T1WI images from 2D thick slices using a deep learning (DL)\u2010based super\u2010resolution (SR) technique were aligned to a standard template followed by corresponding structural mask parcellation for measurement of MRPI 1.0 and MRPI 2.0. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was constructed to identify PD patients from PSP based on these indexes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRPI 2.0 demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy than MRPI 1.0, with an AUC of 0.78. Additionally, the automated method showed strong linear correlations with manual assessments from an experienced radiologist, validating its reliability, and identification of PSP from PD with the average AUC of 0.85.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The automated MRPI method improves diagnostic accuracy for differentiating PD from PSP, providing a reliable and clinically applicable tool. The integration of a super\u2010resolution technique to convert 2D MRI data into high\u2010resolution images expands the potential of MRPI as a neuroimaging biomarker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T05:11:46Z","timestamp":1763010706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Automated\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Based Classification of Parkinsonism: A Deep Learning Approach to Distinguish\n                    <scp>PD<\/scp>\n                    From\n                    <scp>PSP<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5376-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence co., Ltd.  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9646-6539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianbin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2941-9791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weizhao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence co., Ltd.  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence co., Ltd.  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1522-9943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence co., Ltd.  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0425-3921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1906124116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20779"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13111967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234\u2010020\u201002380\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2014.00044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fradi.2023.1153784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104541"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cns.70645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T06:46:08Z","timestamp":1764312368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cns.70645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cns.70645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.70645","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70645"}}