{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:18:17Z","timestamp":1792113497269,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81774024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81774024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LH2022H004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LH2022H004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effective remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) requires both the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) and their lineage\u2010specific differentiation into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). This study aimed to investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) promoted NSC proliferation and OPC differentiation via \u03b2\u2010endorphin (\u03b2\u2010EP)\u2013mediated opioid signaling in a murine model of MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in C57BL\/6 mice to model MS. EA stimulation was applied daily at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint. NSC proliferation and OPC differentiation were assessed via immunofluorescence, flow cytometry (FCM), and RT\u2010qPCR. \u03b2\u2010EP expression and opioid receptor involvement were evaluated in the hypothalamus and subventricular zone (SVZ). Naloxone, a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, was used to determine the role of opioid signaling in EA\u2010induced effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EA significantly enhanced NSC proliferation and increased the proportion of NSC\u2010derived OPCs in the SVZ of EAE mice. EA treatment improved clinical score, reduced demyelination, and attenuated leukocyte infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS). Mechanistically, EA upregulated \u03b2\u2010EP and its precursor pro\u2010opiomelanocortin (POMC), along with opioid receptors \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor (MOR) and \u03ba\u2010opioid receptor (KOR) (encoded by\n                      <jats:italic>Oprm1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Oprk1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , respectively). Naloxone administration abolished the beneficial effects of EA on NSC behavior and remyelination, confirming the involvement of opioid receptor\u2010dependent \u03b2\u2010EP signaling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EA promotes remyelination in EAE mice by stimulating \u03b2\u2010EP\u2010mediated NSC proliferation and OPC differentiation. These findings reveal a novel neuroregenerative mechanism and support EA as a promising adjunctive strategy for demyelinating diseases such as MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T12:20:49Z","timestamp":1763986849000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["\u03b2\u2010Endorphin Mediates Electroacupuncture\u2010Induced Remyelination via Neural Stem Cell Lineage Modulation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"},{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoru","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixin","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Harbin Medical University  Harbin Heilongjiang P.R. 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