{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:47:30Z","timestamp":1775281650379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,13]],"date-time":"2015-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sino Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)\u201022 is a disease\u2010specific outcomes measure questionnaire that combines rhinologic issues with general health issues. These issues may have variable weight on quality of life perception, and the influence of several factors such as gender, ethnicity, age, socio\u2010cultural status and co\u2010morbidities is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender and age on normal values of SNOT\u201022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study based on application of SNOT\u201022 questionnaires to healthy volunteers. Participants were divided according to gender, and each gender was subdivided into age groups: 18\u201330\u00a0years, 31\u201340\u00a0years, 41\u201350\u00a0years, 51\u201360\u00a0years and over 60\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rhinology Section, Sao Paulo Federal University.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 539 healthy volunteers (253 men and 286 women) were selected, so that each age group of each gender consisted of at least 50 individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcomes measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>We applied SNOT\u201022 questionnaire to volunteers with no nasal or sinus disease. Median of score distribution was used as normal reference.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Men presented lower scores than women (7 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005). Subjects over 60\u00a0years presented significantly lower scores than other age groups (18\u201330\u00a0years\u00a0=\u00a010; 31\u201340\u00a0years\u00a0=\u00a08; 41\u201350\u00a0years\u00a0=\u00a09; 51\u201360\u00a0years\u00a0=\u00a09; over 60\u00a0years\u00a0=\u00a07). Men presented lower scores than women especially in 41\u201350\u00a0year and 51\u201360\u00a0year groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Men and elderly presented the lowest Brazilian version SNOT\u201022 scores. The range of 0\u20138 points seemed to be more suitable as a normal value for this instrument, but this cut\u2010off score could be tailored to age and gender specificities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]],"date-time":"2014-10-14T13:49:10Z","timestamp":1413294550000},"page":"115-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Influence of age and gender in the normal values of Sino Nasal Outcome Test\u201322"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"L.L.","family":"Greg\u00f3rio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP\u2010EPM S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.S.C.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP\u2010EPM S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.A.","family":"Caparroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP\u2010EPM S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Saraceni Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP\u2010EPM S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1318-0541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.M.","family":"Kosugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP\u2010EPM S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens W.J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol. Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Patient reported outcome measures in rhinology","volume":"47","author":"Hopkins C.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2006.01155.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942011000500021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1808-8694.20130010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1808-8694.20130055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942012000400015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01975.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"268","article-title":"Impact of gender, age, and comorbidities on quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"45","author":"Baumann I.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01899.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6890.1437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000116775.98593.f4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2008.59.6.663","article-title":"Gender differences in health\u2010related quality of life for veterans with serious mental illness","volume":"59","author":"Teh C.F.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr. 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