{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T03:36:45Z","timestamp":1772595405252,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,11]],"date-time":"2016-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008626","name":"Cochlear","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008626","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Outcomes in speech perception following cochlear implantation in adults vary widely. Many studies have been carried out to identify and quantify factors that influence outcomes. This study adds a new dimension to pre\u2010existing literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010centre retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 428 adults with bilateral severe\u2010to\u2010profound sensorineural hearing loss, unilaterally implanted between February 1988 and March 2014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were carried out to identify factors that may influence outcome after cochlear implantation. Consonant\u2010vowel\u2010consonant word scores were recorded pre\u2010 and post\u2010implant and were used as outcome measure in two groups of patients (prelingually and postlingually deafened adults). As an added dimension, multiple imputation was implemented and evaluated to tackle 4% (17\/407) missing data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For postlinguals, pre\u2010implant speech perception score and age at onset of deafness are positive predictors and meningitis and otosclerosis as cause of deafness are negative predictors of post\u2010implant speech perception. This model accounted for 26% of variance. For prelinguals, pre\u2010implant speech perception score is the only strong positive predictor (\u03b2 0.524; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). This model accounted for 31% of variance. Age at implantation was not a significant predictor in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Speech perception is predicted by pre\u2010implant speech perception, age at onset of deafness and aetiology (meningitis and otosclerosis) for postlinguals and solely pre\u2010implant speech perception for prelinguals. Age at implantation is of lesser importance in predicting speech perception outcome post\u2010implant. Multiple imputation is a useful statistical technique when analysing incomplete data sets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,23]],"date-time":"2015-10-23T05:27:35Z","timestamp":1445578055000},"page":"585-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Factors that influence outcomes in cochlear implantation in adults, based on patient\u2010related characteristics \u2013 a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"V.J.C.","family":"Kraaijenga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.L.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Stegeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.J.M.","family":"Smilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.A.","family":"van Zanten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Grolman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949310201201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Predictors of postoperative performance with cochlear implants","volume":"165","author":"Waltzman S. 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