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Statistical analysis (Mann\u2010Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test) compared gene expression levels between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPR<\/jats:styled-content> and control groups at each subsite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Site\u2010specific differences in squamous metaplasia and gene expression were noted in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPR<\/jats:styled-content> patients, with the majority present in the medial arytenoid region. Significant.differences were noted in genes related to mucosal defence and inflammation, including <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRNN<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>1d<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b2\u20101<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUC<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5B<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDH<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whilst the posterior commissure is commonly identified as the area demonstrating the most significant macroscopic change in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPR<\/jats:styled-content>, the histological changes and genes assessed here showed more pronounced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPR<\/jats:styled-content> associated differences in the medial arytenoid. We identified differences in expression of mucin genes, cytokeratin\u201014 and molecular markers of inflammation. Whilst some of these changes may be metaplasia\u2010related, further evaluation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression of these genes may provide a useful biomarker panel for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,16]],"date-time":"2017-06-16T09:03:30Z","timestamp":1497603810000},"page":"158-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Does gene expression in laryngeal subsites differ between patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux and controls?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"J.M.","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders ENT Adelaide SA Australia"},{"name":"Flinders University Department of Surgery Flinders Centre for Cancer Prevention and Control Adelaide SA 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