{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T16:28:21Z","timestamp":1784219301572,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]],"date-time":"2017-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intravenous opioid drug abuse (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content>) was previously correlated with laryngeal cancer. However, discrimination of this correlation by anatomical subsites has not yet been described. In this study, we aim to further establish the association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>) and to indicate the laryngeal subsites that are predisposed for this correlation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective matched case\u2010control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients diagnosed with supraglottic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>) between 1996 and 2016 treated in a tertiary academic referral centre were enrolled to the case group. The control group comprised of matched patients diagnosed with glottis <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> (G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>). Matching was based on gender, age and socio\u2010economic rank.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variables studies as risk factors included the following: smoking, alcohol consumption, history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> and infectious diseases. The variables were tested for association with the 2 groups and with each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010eight patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> were matched with 48 patients with G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> rates significantly increased among patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>. Of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> group, 18.8% had a positive history for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> compared with 2.1% of the G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.008). A history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> was found to be a risk factor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>, independent of smoking, excessive alcohol and socio\u2010economic status. The odds ratio for patients with an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVDA<\/jats:styled-content> history to have <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> relatively to G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content> was 10.846 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.3\u201089.4).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intravenous opioid drug abuse represents an independent risk factor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCC<\/jats:styled-content>. The pathogenesis should be investigated not just as a risk factor, as opioids are commonly used for pain management in oncologic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T15:07:07Z","timestamp":1506438427000},"page":"456-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Intravenous opioid drug abuse as an independent risk factor for supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma\u2014A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4704-2940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H.","family":"Shoffel\u2010Havakuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Hadassah Medical School The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery USC Voice Center University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8666-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Hadassah Medical School The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery B Meir Medical Center Kfar Saba Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Haimovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Halperin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Hadassah Medical School The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5535-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.","family":"Lahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Hadassah Medical School The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210700411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.42.4.350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Multicentric origin of intra\u2010oral carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Slaughter D","year":"1946","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e3282b6fd40"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910340504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860115)57:2<391::AID-CNCR2820570235>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"4024","article-title":"Effect of smoking and alcohol consumption on laryngeal cancer risk in coastal Texas","volume":"49","author":"Falk RT","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19920501)69:9<2244::AID-CNCR2820690906>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021944123914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).OECD Data: alcohol consumption.https:\/\/data.oecd.org\/healthrisk\/alcohol-consumption.htm. 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