{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T21:01:50Z","timestamp":1789938110487,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to determine how computational fluid dynamics (CFD) could be correlated to clinical evaluation of nasal airway obstruction (NAO) in a population of patients with symptomatic septal deviation (SD). The secondary objective was to determine whether CFD could define which side was the more obstructed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was an observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Settings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few publications have attempted to correlate CFD with clinical evaluation of NAO. This correlation would permit validation and improved interpretation. This study was performed in a university research laboratory specialised in fluid mechanics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included patients referred for septal surgery at our centre. Age range was 19\u201358\u00a0years. Preoperative CT scans were performed. All patients with non\u2010structural causes of NAO such as rhinitis, sinusitis or tumoral\/autoimmune processes (ie, not due to anatomic obstruction) were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measurement<\/jats:title><jats:p>For each nasal fossa, we compared CFD data (total pressure, heat flux, wall shear stress, temperatures, velocity and nasal resistances) with both patient perception scores and rhinomanometry using the Spearman correlation test (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>). Perception scores were graded from 0\/4 to 4\/4 on each side, based on the patient interview. We also compared CFD\u2010derived nasal resistances with rhinomanometry\u2010derived nasal resistances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two patients complaining of NAO with SD were analysed, and 44 analyses were performed comparing each side with its CFD data. Regarding correlations with patient perception scores, the best values we found were heat flux measures (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.86). Both rhinomanometry and CFD\u2010calculated nasal resistances had strong correlations with subjective perception scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.75, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, respectively). We found a statistically significant difference between RMM\u2010NR and CFD\u2010NR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). Heat flux analysis allowed us to distinguish the more obstructed side (MOS) and the less obstructed side (LOS) in 100% of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to enhance our ability to interpret CFD\u2010calculated data in the nasal airway. It highlights and confirms that heat flux measures are very closely correlated to patient perception in cases of SD. It also helps to distinguish the more obstructed side from the less obstructed side and could contribute to further CFD studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,20]],"date-time":"2019-04-20T13:09:40Z","timestamp":1555765780000},"page":"603-611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Correlations between computational fluid dynamics and clinical evaluation of nasal airway obstruction due to septal deviation: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5939-5372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Radulesco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, APHM La Conception University Hospital Marseille France"},{"name":"IUSTI Aix\u2010Marseille University Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Meister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUSTI Aix\u2010Marseille University Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Bouchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUSTI Aix\u2010Marseille University Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Varoquaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, APHM La Conception University Hospital Aix\u2010Marseille University Marseille France"},{"name":"Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, La Timone University Hospital Aix\u2010Marseille University Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUSTI Aix\u2010Marseille 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