{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T09:03:30Z","timestamp":1792487010320,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tonsils are first\u2010line host defence organs against pathogenic agents and participate in local and systemic immunity. Persistent increases in systemic inflammatory responses may contribute to associated morbidity. The aim of this study was to verify the short\u2010 and long\u2010term impact of adenotonsillectomy on the evolution of inflammatory markers in 3\u2010 to 9\u2010year\u2010old children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective and longitudinal study was conducted over 1\u00a0year in 29 children who underwent tonsillectomy due to either chronic tonsillitis or adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Measurements of high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP) levels were taken. Levels of Th1\u2010type cytokines [interleukin\u20101, interferon\u2010\u03b3, and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u00ce\u00b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1)] and anti\u2010inflammatory Th2\u2010type cytokines [interleukin\u20104, \u20105, \u20106, \u201010 and \u201013] were measured. Levels of transforming growth factor\u2010beta (TGF\u2010\u03b2) and intercellular adhesion molecule\u20101 (ICAM\u20101) were also determined. The results were compared to those of 29 control children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, children with surgery indications presented with higher levels of hs\u2010CRP, interleukin\u20101 and \u201010, interferon\u2010\u03b3, TNF\u2010\u03b1\u00a0and ICAM\u20101, whereas values of interleukin\u20104 were significantly lower than in control children. Children with severe tonsillar obstruction had higher values of interleukin\u20101, \u20104, and \u20105 and lower values of interleukin\u201010 compared with children with recurrent tonsillitis. One year after surgery, the levels except IL\u20104 did not show a significant difference from those obtained in the control group. The levels of hs\u2010CRP and TNF\u2010\u03b1\u00a0decreased significantly in the first month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with chronic tonsillitis and\/or adenotonsillar hypertrophy have significantly elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Adenotonsillectomy restores the normal values of these parameters 1\u00a0year after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T22:43:10Z","timestamp":1567032190000},"page":"983-988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Impact of adenotonsillectomy on the evolution of inflammatory markers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0261-9945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mart\u00edn E.","family":"Marcano\u2010Acu\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ear Nose &amp; Throat (ENT) Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO) Dr. Peset University Hospital Valencia 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