{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:58:16Z","timestamp":1790740696244,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topical nasal steroids are a common treatment intervention for olfactory dysfunction. Penetration of topical treatment to the olfactory cleft (OC), such as nasal drops, is greatly dependent on the position of the head when the treatment is administered. We aimed to examine the penetrance of nasal drops to the OC in two different head positions: the Mygind (lying head back) position and the Kaiteki position.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The specimens were firstly positioned in Mygind, and thereafter in Kaiteki positions. Nasal drops mixed with blue food dye were administered into the nostrils in each of the head position. Endoscopic videos were recorded, and two blinded observers scored the extent of olfactory cleft penetration (OCP) using a 4\u2010point scale (0\u00a0=\u00a0none, 3\u00a0=\u00a0heavy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve fresh\u2010frozen cadaver specimens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Penetration of the dye into the OC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean score of nasal drops penetrance to the OC in the Mygind position was 1.34 (standard deviation, SD = 0.92), as compared to 1.76 (SD = 0.65) in the Kaiteki position. The difference in the OCP score between the two groups was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both Mygind and Kaiteki head positions are reasonable options for patients considering topical nasal drops for olfaction impairment. The preference of one position over the other should be determined by patient's preference and comfort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T19:35:08Z","timestamp":1608233708000},"page":"406-411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Comparison between Mygind and Kaiteki positions in administration of drops to the olfactory cleft"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5029-0411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dafna G.","family":"Milk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Head and Neck Center Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Meir Medical Center Kfar Saba Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3974-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace C.","family":"Khong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Head and Neck Center Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2785-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osman H.","family":"\u00c7am","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Head and Neck Center Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Baskent University Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Alfaro\u2010Iraheta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Head and Neck Center Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Hospital Central Militar Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Human Anatomy Resource Center University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firas","family":"Kassem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Meir Medical Center Kfar Saba Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7213-0387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel C.","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Head and Neck Center Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0807-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200404000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.134.6.643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-003-0877-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin16.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240401800107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480310002140"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065800781692949"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809106438"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100143890"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3701-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21894"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21172"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445145"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2006.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"MiyazakiJ MatsushitaH YamadaS InokuchiA. 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