{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:41:52Z","timestamp":1791830512812,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of betahistine in the treatment of primary tinnitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of betahistine in the treatment of primary tinnitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Universidade estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o paulo, Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult patients with primary tinnitus who had not undergone treatment for tinnitus in the last 6 months were included. Patients with profound sensorineural deafness, hearing aid users and patients with metabolic, neurological, psychiatric or decompensated cardiovascular diseases were excluded. Study groups: in the betahistine group, patients received betahistine 24\u2009mg every 12\u2009h for 90\u2009days; in the control group, patients received placebo tablets every 12\u2009h for 90\u2009days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Mean Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary outcome measure: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Secondary outcome measures: Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI\u2010I) and a question of \u2018Yes\u2019 or \u2018No\u2019 to participants about their perception of improvement in symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 284 participants initially identified, 62 were randomised (betahistine group\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200931; control group\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200931). Median age (IQR) 54 (48\u201360) years, with a balanced number of men and women. There was no difference in THI outcome between the study groups (median difference, \u22122 points; 95% CI, \u22128 to 6 points); the THI after the intervention was a median (IQR) 4 (\u22124 to 14) lower points in the betahistine group, and a median (IQR) 2 (\u22126 to 10) in the control group. There was no statistical difference in secondary outcome measures. Adverse events were mild and there was no statistical difference between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Betahistine dihydrochloride was ineffective in the treatment of primary tinnitus in adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T01:50:00Z","timestamp":1667353800000},"page":"50-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A triple blind, placebo controlled, randomised controlled trial of betahistine dihydrochloride in the treatment of primary tinnitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3327-0050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Le\u00e3o","family":"Castilho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4743-7894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norimar Hernanes","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0772-1962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina Helena Garcia","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School  S\u00e3o Paulo 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