{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:47:28Z","timestamp":1791848848320,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of chloral hydrate in auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting and Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the authors systematically searched both English (Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science) and Chinese (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP Chinese Science) databases. Two authors independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. The pooled sedation failure rate and the pooled incidence of adverse events were calculated via a random\u2010effects model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity, and the PRISMA guideline was followed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ABR tests receiving chloral hydrate sedation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pooled sedation failure rate and the pooled incidence of adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 23 clinical studies were included in the final analysis. The pooled sedation failure rate of patients who received chloral hydrate sedation before ABR examination was 10.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) (6.7%, 15.0%), I2\u2009=\u200995%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.01]. There were significant differences in the prevalence of sedation failure between sample sizes greater than 200 and those less than or equal to 200 (5.6% vs. 19.6%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) and between the studies that reported sleep deprivation and those that did not report sleep deprivation (7.1% vs. 18.9%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). The pooled incidence of adverse events was 10.32% [95% CI (5.83%, 14.82%), I2\u2009=\u200998.1%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.01].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chloral hydrate has a high rate of sedation failure, adverse events, and potential carcinogenicity. Therefore, replacing its use in ABR tests with safer and more effective sedatives is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T20:48:47Z","timestamp":1699217327000},"page":"161-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficacy and safety of chloral hydrate in auditory brainstem response test: A systematic review and single\u2010arm meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Haotian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6521-5617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youyou","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoli","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000194511.14740.9c"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000259252"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Year 2019 Position Statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs","volume":"4","author":"The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Early Hear Detect Interv"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","article-title":"Chloral hydrate as a sedating agent for neurodiagnostic procedures in children","volume":"8","author":"Fong CY","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"Chloral hydrate: a hypnotic best forgotten?","volume":"28","author":"Gauillard J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2015-0152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1445"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(87)80010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2011.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2021.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12854"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13498"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"WellsG SheaB O'ConnellD PetersonJ WelchV WelchM et al.The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta\u2010analyses.2018. 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