{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:41:29Z","timestamp":1772160089342,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001797","name":"Curtin University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001798","name":"Edith Cowan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001799","name":"Murdoch University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001063","name":"Raine Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023759","name":"Telethon Kids Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023759","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001069","name":"Women and Infants Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Investigating the impact of early childhood ventilation tube insertion (VTI) on long\u2010term language outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2900 pregnant women participated in the Raine Study between 1989 and 1991 in Western Australia, and 2868 children have been followed up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on parental reports, 314 children had a history of recurrent otitis media but did not undergo VTI (rOM group); another 94 received VTI (VTI group); while 1735 had no history of rOM (reference group) in the first 3\u2009years of childhood. Children with data on outcomes and confounders were included in analyses of PPVT\u2010R at ages 6 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091567) and 10\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091313) and CELF\u2010III at 10\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091410) (approximately 5% in the VTI group and 15% in the rOM group).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test\u2010Revised edition and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals\u00ae Preschool\u20103.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 6\u2009years, mean PPVT\u2010R scores were significantly lower in the VTI group than the reference group (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22123.3; 95% CI [\u22126.5 to \u22120.04],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.047). At 10\u2009years, while the difference between the VTI and reference groups was less pronounced for PPVT\u2010R scores, there was a small but consistent trend of lower measures, on average, across CELF\u2010III scores (expressive: \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22123.4 [\u22127.1 to 0.27],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.069; receptive: \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22124.1 [\u22127.9 to \u22120.34],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.033; total: \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22123.9 [\u22127.5 to \u22120.21],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.038). There was no evidence to suggest that language outcomes in the rOM group differed from the reference group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower scores of language outcomes in school\u2010aged children who received VTI in early childhood may suggest a long\u2010term risk which should be considered alongside the potential benefits of VTI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T18:58:41Z","timestamp":1699556321000},"page":"191-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of ventilation tube insertion on long\u2010term language outcomes at 6 and 10\u2009years of age: A prospective pregnancy cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7248-2908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman M. A.","family":"Alenezi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Kuwait University  Kuwait City Kuwait"},{"name":"The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8834-6089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monique","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6064-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel D.","family":"Calder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Medicine University of Tasmania  nipaluna\/Hobart, Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2899-4321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Veselinovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7562-7228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C.","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Western Australia  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