{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T18:24:27Z","timestamp":1788114267526,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patient, tumour and radiation therapy factors are associated with development of middle ear effusion (MEE) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Deign, Settings, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective review of NPC patients treated between January 2000 and June 2018 at Rabin Medical Center.<\/jats:p>\n Patient factors, tumour factors, radiation doses, and radiation fields were collected and outlined if needed (middle ear, eustachian tube [ET], tensor veli palatini [TVP], and levator palatini [LVP] muscles), then analysed and compared between patients with MEE and those without and between sides in patients with unilateral MEE.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measures and Results<\/jats:title>\n Seventy\u2010three patients were enrolled. Most were males (71.2%) with advanced\u2010stage diseases (78%). At the time of diagnosis 14 patients (19.2%) presented with MEE. Following radiation, 18 patients, with no evidence of MEE at presentation, developed MEE. Tumour stage, histology, and laterality were not associated with development of MEE. Comparison of mean radiation field dosages including\u2014gross target volume, clinical target volume, and patient target volume showed no association with post\u2010radiation MEE. In addition, no difference was found in the radiation doses to the middle ear, ET or the LVP nor the TVP between ears with and without MEE.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Post\u2010irradiation MEE remains a common adverse effect in NPC patients. Surprisingly, tumour stage, tumour laterality, and histology were not associated with MEE. Similar findings were observed for total radiation doses and specific doses to the middle ear, ET, and ET muscles.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T05:36:10Z","timestamp":1712208970000},"page":"506-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Post\u2010radiation middle ear effusion in\n NPC<\/scp>\n patients:\n Analysis<\/scp>\n of patient, tumour, and radiation factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8379-1762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Vainer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Rabin Medical Center Petah Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7973-3212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Tzelnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Rabin Medical Center Petah Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noga","family":"Kurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron","family":"Popovtzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Soudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Rabin Medical Center Petah Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537\u2010200310000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.02.012"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"1276","article-title":"Assessment of middle ear effusion and audiological characteristics in young children with adenoid hypertrophy","volume":"125","author":"Ren DD","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin Med J 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