{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:39:46Z","timestamp":1777599586870,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A recent paper by Moore, Lowe and Cox has proposed guidelines for diagnosing noise\u2010induced hearing loss (NIHL). It is referred to here as the MLC guidelines. Our aim was to assess the specificity of those guidelines (i.e., freedom from false\u2010positive outcomes) and compare with pre\u2010existing guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We applied the MLC guidelines and pre\u2010existing guidelines to three data sets composed of adults who do not have a history of material noise exposure and therefore cannot have NIHL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National Health Service (NHS) ENT clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five hundred thirty\u2010six patients with hearing difficulty and\/or tinnitus who denied material noise exposure. Two large archival population studies of hearing were also assessed, which included 3250 participants without material noise exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>False\u2010positive outcome from guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MLC guidelines demonstrated moderate or high false\u2010positive rates overall, the magnitude depending on the noise exposure scenario and whether clinical or population samples were considered. For the procedure applicable to steady broadband noise exposure, the false\u2010positive rate averaged 56% in the population samples, compared to 31% for previous guidelines. For exposure to intense impulse sounds, the MLC guidelines take a different approach and the false\u2010positive rate was about 70% in the population samples and even higher in the clinic sample. For exposure to intense tones, the MLC guidelines take yet another approach and the false\u2010positive rate reached 80%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MLC guidelines demonstrate poorer specificity than previous guidelines. Medical experts should be aware of their poor specificity and consequential likelihood of false\u2010positive diagnoses of NIHL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T18:39:40Z","timestamp":1735324780000},"page":"446-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Guidelines for Diagnosis of Noise\u2010Induced Hearing Loss and Their Specificity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4394-2668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark E.","family":"Lutman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Professor of Audiology University of Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"de Carpentier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant ENT Surgeon, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Preston UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant ENT Surgeon, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary; Honorary Senior Lecturer University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181b1d418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992020903300423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.2000.00368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23312165221093156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0001789"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23312165221145005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"Acoustics\u2013Statistical Distribution of Hearing Thresholds Related to Age and Gender","author":"ISO 7029","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","volume-title":"Hearing in Adults","author":"Davis A. C.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","volume-title":"Acoustics\u2013Threshold of Hearing by Air Conduction as a Function of Age and Sex for Otologically Normal Persons","author":"ISO 7029","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0002977"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258f812"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00206098109072712"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"170","volume-title":"Advances in Noise Research: Biological Effects of Noise","author":"Lutman M. E.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2010.500625"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03005368809077793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2022.2089741"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","volume-title":"Hearing and Noise in Industry","author":"Burns W.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1903482"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"W. L.Baughn \u201cRelation Between Daily Noise Exposure and Hearing Loss Based on the Evaluation of 6835 Industrial Noise Exposure Cases \u201d(Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory AMRL\u2010TR\u201075\u201053 Wright\u2010Patterson Air Force Base 1973)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Equivalent Continuous Noise Level as a Measure of Injury From Impact and Impulsive Noise","volume":"14","author":"Atherley G. R. C.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Annals of Occupational Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Characteristics of Hearing Losses Produced by Gunfire and by Steady Noise","volume":"1","author":"Ward W. D.","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of Auditory Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00206099409071891"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2019.1600203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","volume-title":"Recommended Procedure: Pure\u2010Tone Air\u2010Conduction and Bone\u2010Conduction Threshold Audiometry With and Without Masking","author":"British Society of Audiology","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","volume-title":"Acoustics\u2010 Reference Zero for the Calibration of Audiometric Equipment. Part 1: Reference Equivalent Threshold Sound Pressure Levels for Pure Tones and Supra\u2010Aural Earphones","author":"ISO 389\u20101","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/coa.14268","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T17:48:56Z","timestamp":1744048136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/coa.14268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/coa.14268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/coa.14268","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/COA.14268\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1749-4478","1749-4486"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-4478","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-4486","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}