{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T21:59:34Z","timestamp":1783288774956,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019266","name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102020\u2010HD000225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102020\u2010HD000225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000220408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000220408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of the TINI laser device, a photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, for managing chronic high\u2010frequency tinnitus in patients with unilateral or bilateral tinnitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomised, single\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial was conducted with 38 participants. Subjects were divided into three groups: The TINI 1 group received eight active laser treatments over 4\u2009weeks, the TINI 2 group received four active treatments followed by four sham treatments, and the control group received only sham treatments. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) and Tinnitus Magnitude Index (TMI) were used to assess tinnitus\u2010related outcomes. Psychological assessments were also conducted to measure levels of depression, stress and anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant improvements were observed in the emotional subscale of the THI, and in the loudness and perception scores of the TMI in the TINI 1 group. The TINI 2 group showed significant reductions in TFI and TMI scores following active treatments, although these effects diminished after sham treatments. No placebo effects were observed except for TFI scores in the control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study indicates that intermittent PBM therapy using the TINI laser may be effective in managing chronic tinnitus. Further research is necessary to explore long\u2010term efficacy and safety.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/cris.nih.go.kr\">cris.nih.go.kr<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      identifier: PRE20240926\u2010004\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.14291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T01:54:46Z","timestamp":1739411686000},"page":"544-554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the Photobiomodulation Treatment With the\n                    <scp>TINI<\/scp>\n                    Laser Device for Managing Chronic High\u2010Frequency Tinnitus: A Randomised Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8105-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Eun","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital  Cheonan\u2010si Chungcheongnam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6860-8042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital  Cheonan\u2010si Chungcheongnam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1870-0748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Yun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital  Cheonan\u2010si Chungcheongnam\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261257"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20140024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP40188"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13999"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000188479.04891.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000240504.77861.1a"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200403000-00020"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Efficacy of Low\u2010Level Light Therapy for Tinnitus: A Narrative Review","volume":"11","author":"Choi J. 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